Research

Stowood has a long history of supporting and contributing to clinical research in sleep medicine. Our technologies are trusted by leading hospitals and universities worldwide, providing reliable data capture for studies into sleep disorders, treatment outcomes, and innovation in diagnostics.

Stowood equipment is frequently used in clinical research as well as routine clinical practice. Here is a short selection of examples of these.

See also ‘Testimonials‘.


Publications featuring Stowood technology

Black Shadow, Black series sleep recorders

2025: Pulse transit time respiratory swing as a diagnostic test for obstructive sleep apnoea in children—An observational study Front. Neurol. 16:1632919. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2025.1632919

2024: Retrospective review of treatment outcomes and costs in children with sleep disordered breathing assessed with multi-channel studies Sleep Medicine: X Volume 7, December 2024, 100115  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleepx.2024.100115

2023: Features from the photoplethysmogram and the electrocardiogram for estimating changes in blood pressure Scientific Reports 13, Article number: 986 (2023) https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-27170-2

Endotyping, phenotyping and personalised therapy in obstructive sleep apnoea: are we there yet? https://doi.org/10.1136/thorax-2023-220037

2021:

Emergent academic skills growth in New Zealand pre-school children undergoing treatment for sleep disordered breathing: a case–control pilot study Sleep Medicine Volume 80, April 2021, Pages 77-85 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2021.01.027

Pulse arrival time as a surrogate of blood pressure Scientific Reports https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01358-4

2020: Non-contact assessment of peripheral artery haemodynamics using video infrared thermography IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2020.2999539

2019: Can sleep questionnaires predict outcome in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy for sleep disordered breathing? Australian Journal of Otolaryngology  http://www.theajo.com/article/view/4152/html

2018: Effect of supplemental oxygen on blood pressure in obstructive sleep apnea (SOX). A randomized continuous positive airway pressure withdrawal trial American journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.201802-0240OC

Non-contact monitoring of respiration in the neonatal intensive care unit. Oxford University Research Archive https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:7ccf75a9-974c-4fc8-b5b5-beffcd62d302

2017: “A 4-week wait ‘fast-track’ sleep service is effective at establishing vocational drivers on continuous positive airway pressure” Clin Med (Lond). 2017 Oct;17(5):401-402.

2016:

Video camera monitoring to detect changes in haemodynamics. Oxford University Research Archive https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e84f2acf-f35c-4257-a4c3-209c5da9cbee

“The effect of OSA on hypoxic and inflammatory markers during CPAP withdrawal: Further evidence from three randomized control trials” Respirology, 22: 793–799. doi: 10.1111/resp.12946.

2015: “Bio-markers of oxidative stress following CPAP-withdrawal: data from two randomized trials” Eur Respir J. 2015 Oct; 46(4): 1065–1071.

“Non-contact measurement of oxygen saturation with an RGB camera” Biomed Opt Express. 2015 September 1; 6(9): 3320–3338

Visi-Download software

2024:

Clinical characteristics, associated comorbidities and hospital outcomes of neonates with sleep disordered breathing: a retrospective cohort study BMJ Paediatrics Open

Sleep studies in obese children with obstructive sleep apnea: Pulse oximetry as a diagnostic tool Journal of Sleep Research https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.14214

To define reference ranges for the 3% and 4% mean desaturation nadir in healthy children under 12 years: observational study using oximetry motion-resistant … Archives of Disease in Childhood https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2022-325046

Real-world utility of overnight oximetry for the screening of obstructive sleep apnea in children International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.111892

Role of overnight oximetry in assessing the severity of obstructive sleep apnoea in typically developing children: a multicentre study Archives of Disease in Childhood https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2023-326191

Overnight desaturation in interstitial lung diseases: links to pulmonary vasculopathy and mortality https://doi.org/10.1183/23120541.00740-2023

Retrospective review of treatment outcomes and costs in children with sleep disordered breathing assessed with multi-channel studies Sleep Medicine: X https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleepx.2024.100115

2023: Evaluation of a custom-made mandibular repositioning device for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome British Dental Journal https://doi.org/10.1038/s41415-023-6267-x

Longitudinal pilot study of oxygen saturation indices in healthy preterm infants Pediatr Res https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-023-02741-9

Use of pulse oximetry as an investigative test for paediatric respiratory sleep disorders

2022: Does Sleep Position Influence Sleep-Disordered Breathing in Infants With Cleft Palate: A Feasibility Study? The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal https://doi.org/10.1177%2F10556656211003459

Modified hypoxic challenge testing in children needing nocturnal ventilation: An observational study Pediatr Pulmonol. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppul.26163

2021: Diagnostic accuracy of level IV portable sleep monitors versus polysomnography for pediatric obstructive sleep apnea: a systematic review and meta-analysis Sleep Medicine https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2021.08.029

Observational study to define reference ranges for the 3% oxygen desaturation index during sleep in healthy children under 12 years using oximetry motion-resistant technology

2020: Actigraphy in sleep research with infants and young children: Current practices and future benefits of standardized reporting Journal of Sleep Research https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.13134

Effect of opaque wraps for pulse oximeter sensors: randomised cross-over trial Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed.  https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2020-319049

Use of oximetry to screen for paediatric obstructive sleep apnoea: is one night enough and is 6 hours too much? Archives of Disease in Childhood 

Continuous oximetry recordings on the first post-operative night after pediatric adenotonsillectomy-a case-control study International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2020.110313

2019: Successful home respiratory polygraphy to investigate sleep-disordered breathing in children Sleep Medicine  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2019.11.1264

Randomised cross-over trial evaluating the short-term effects of non-invasive ventilation as an adjunct to airway clearance techniques in adults with cystic fibrosis BMJ Open Respiratory Research

The STOP-Bang Questionnaire as a Screening Tool for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Pregnancy Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine https://doi.org/10.5664/jcsm.7754

“A cohort study reporting normal oximetry values in healthy infants under 4 months of age using Masimo technology”

“The Physiology of Paragliding Flight at Moderate and Extreme Altitudes” High Altitude Medicine & Biology Volume: 19 Issue 1: March 1, 2018

“The Pēpi‐Pod study: Overnight video, oximetry and thermal environment while using an in‐bed sleep device for sudden unexpected death in infancy prevention” J Paediatr Child Health. . doi:10.1111/jpc.13845

“Physician Decision Making and Clinical Outcomes With Laboratory Polysomnography or Limited-Channel Sleep Studies for Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Randomized Trial” Ann Intern Med. 2017;166(5):332-340. 

“Ready-Made Versus Custom-Made Mandibular Repositioning Devices in Sleep Apnea: A Randomized Clinical Trial.” J Clin Sleep Med. 2017 Feb;13(2) 175-182

“Sleep related respiratory events during non-invasive ventilation of patients with chronic hypoventilation” Respiratory Medicine, Volume 132, 2017, Pages 210-216

“Comparison of standard and novel signal analysis approaches to obstructive sleep apnea classification”  Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol., 27 August 2015

“P85 A Composite Index of Saturation and Distance Walked during a 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT): A retrospective methodological comparison”

“The Importance of Sleep: Attentional Problems in School-Aged Children With Down Syndrome and Williams Syndrome” Behavioral Sleep Medicine, 13:6, 455-471, DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2014.940107

“Sickle Cell Anemia: Iron Availability and Nocturnal Oximetry” Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine, Vol. 8, No. 5, 2012

Visi-System and Visi-3 digital video sleep systems

2024: Retrospective review of treatment outcomes and costs in children with sleep disordered breathing assessed with multi-channel studies Sleep Medicine: X https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleepx.2024.100115

Prospective evaluation of the impact of multi-channel studies on treatment outcomes in children with sleep disordered breathing Sleep Medicine: X https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleepx.2024.100111

2020: Observational Study of Pulse Transit Time in Children With Sleep Disordered Breathing Frontiers in Neurology https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2020.00316

2019: Return of sleep apnoea and sleep fragmentation following CPAP withdrawal in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea European Respiratory Journal https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.02351-2018

The use of pulse transit time in pediatric sleep studies: A systematic review Sleep medicine reviews https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2016.11.006

Outcome following the use of a multi-channel sleep system to screen for sleep disordered breathing in children

Adenotonsillectomy for the Management of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Children With Congenital Craniosynostosis Syndromes Journal of Craniofacial Surgery https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e31824e6cf8

Using digital methods to stop reinventing the wheel: baseline audit of London asthma standards and creation of the asthma toolkit  British Society for Paediatric and Adolescent Rheumatology and British Paediatric Respiratory Society https://adc.bmj.com/content/102/Suppl_1/A171.3.abstract

Barriers and facilitators to physical activity for children and young people with asthma: an evidence synthesis

Pulse transit time and assessment of childhood sleep disordered breathing Archives of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery https://doi.org/10.1001/archoto.2012.86

Unconstrained video monitoring of breathing behavior and application to diagnosis of sleep apnea IEEE transactions on biomedical engineering https://doi.org/10.1109/TBME.2013.2280132

Exenatide improves excessive daytime sleepiness and wakefulness in obese patients with type 2 diabetes without obstructive sleep apnoea Journal of sleep research https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2869.2012.01030.x

Non-invasive measurement of respiratory rate in children using the photoplethysmogram 2008 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.2008.4649554

Obstructive sleep apnoea is independently associated with the metabolic syndrome but not insulin resistance state Cardiovascular diabetology https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2840-5-22

Osler maintenance of wakefulness test

2023: Pulse rate variability: An alternative to heart rate variability in adults with spinal cord injury Psychophysiology https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.14356

Poor sleep is associated with deficits of attention in COPD patients Sleep Medicine https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2023.10.008

2021: Simplified sleep resistance test for daytime sleepiness detection https://dx.doi.org/10.5935%2F1984-0063.20200046

2019: Erfassung der Tagesschläfrigkeit bei Patienten mit obstruktivem Schlafapnoesyndrom durch den Oxford Sleep Resistance-Test (OSLER) im Vergleich zum multiplen Schlaflatenz-Test (MSLT) Free University Berlin Repository https://refubium.fu-berlin.de/handle/fub188/23966

2018 Sep;112:90-98 “Daytime sleepiness and its relationships to fatigue and autonomic dysfunction in adults with spinal cord injury”

Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine, Vol. 10, No. 10, 2014 “The Oxford Sleep Resistance test (OSLER) and the Multiple Unprepared Reaction Time Test (MURT) Detect Vigilance Modifications in Sleep Apnea Patients ”

Equivalence of autoadjusted and constant continuous positive airway pressure in home treatment of sleep apnea Chest https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.129.3.638

Fig1 in J. Sleep Res. (1997) 6, 142-145 “A behavioural test to assess daytime sleepiness in obstructive sleep apnoea”

Page 1622 (top right) in Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001 Jun;163(7):1619-25 “Microsleep during a Simplified Maintenance of Wakefulness Test: A Validation Study of the OSLER Test”

Page 476 (line 11 discussion) and the abstract in Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2002 Aug 15;166(4):474-8 “Analysis of Error Profiles Occurring during the OSLER Test: a sensitive mean of detecting fluctuations in vigilance in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.”

Comparison of the maintenance of wakefulness test (MWT) to a modified behavioral test (OSLER) in the evaluation of daytime sleepiness J. Sleep Res. (2004) 13, 407–411 ///

Grey Flash sleep recorder

2021: Actigraphy in sleep research with infants and young children: Current practices and future benefits of standardized reporting Journal of Sleep Research https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.13134

Reliability of home-based physiological sleep measurements in snoring and non-snoring 3-year olds Sleep and Breathing https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-012-0663-9

“Accurate Position Monitoring and Improved Supine-Dependent Obstructive Sleep Apnea with a New Position Recording and Supine Avoidance Device” Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine, Vol. 7, No. 4, 2011 

Divided Attention Steering Simulator (DASS)

Source-Space Brain Functional Connectivity Features in Electroencephalogram-Based Driver Fatigue Classification Sensors https://doi.org/10.3390/s23052383

Automatically detected microsleep episodes in the fitness-to-drive assessment Frontiers in Neuroscience  https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2020.00008

 

Stowood are always keen to hear about research where their products are being used and to support further research and innovation. To tell us your story or to apply for support please contact us.

 

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